| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Comparative election campaign communication research ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Comparative election campaign communication research
Comparative election campaign communication research examines how and with what effect election campaigns are conducted in a temporal or spatial comparative approach. Therefore it focuses on three interrelated dimensions: politics, media and electorate. Spatial comparative election communication research investigates campaign practices, its media responses and its effects on the electorate in different countries.
==History==
The development of election campaign communication can be divided in three phases, a traditional, party-centered period after World War II, a media-centered, personalizing and professionalizing modern period from the 1960s to the 1980s and a still emerging postmodern phase or period of political marketing, characterized by marketing-logics, fragmentation of voter groups, negativity and new media channels.〔cf. Blumler, & Kavanagh (1999)〕
Comparative campaign communication research emerged in the period of modern campaigning in the 1970s, when research revealed similar trends in campaigning in Western democracies.〔cf. Esser, & Pfetsch (2004)〕〔cf. Blumler, & Kavanagh (1999)〕 One of the first European studies in this field by media and communication theorist Jay Blumler and his colleagues〔cf. Blumler, Cayrol, & Tonveron (1978)〕 examined the effect of television campaigning on electorate and their interest in the election by comparing the 1974 election campaigns in UK, France and Belgium. The question of how the media affect the electorate was of great interest in European research of that time, while U.S. American scholars focused on how election campaigns were conducted and orientated towards mass media.〔cf. Esser, & Pfetsch (2004)〕 A number of political journalists and scholars such as Theodore W. White,〔cf. White (1961)〕 Joe Mc Giddens,〔cf. McGinnis (1969)〕 and Joe Napolitan〔cf. Napolitan (1972)〕 analyzed strategies of presidential campaigning in the U.S. during the 1960s and 1970s.
When campaigning style internationally processed towards marketing driven practices in the 1980s and 1990s, research followed with increasing interest and establishment of international approaches.〔cf. Blumler, & Kavanagh (1999)〕 In a widely acknowledged study the political scientists David L. Swanson and Paolo Mancini〔cf. Mancini, & Swanson (1996)〕 in 1996 compared 11 democracies with regard to the Americanization hypothesis and examined the consequences of modernization for politics, media and their interrelations. Their study revealed international common patterns in media centered campaigning. Swanson and Mancini established the Americanization hypothesis as a yardstick for research and emphasized the explanatory value of modernization for comparative research.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Comparative election campaign communication research」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|